Verbs for gerunds...

Reference:

Please memorise these verbs so that you can CHOOSE between gerund or infinitive:


Verbs that take only infinitives as verbal direct objectsagree decide expect hesitate
learn need promise neglect
hope want plan attempt
propose intend pretend

Examples:
I hope to go on a vacation soon.
(not: I hope going on a vacation soon.*)

He promised to go on a diet.
(not: He promised going on a diet. *)

They agreed to sign the treaty.
(not: They agreed signing the treaty.*)

Because she was nervous, she hesitated to speak.
(not: Because she was nervous, she hesitated speaking.*)

They will attempt to resuscitate the victim
(not: They will attempt resuscitating the victim.*)

Verbs that take only gerunds as verbal direct objectsdeny risk delay consider
can't help keep give up be fond of
finish quit put off practice
postpone tolerate suggest stop (quit)
regret enjoy keep (on) dislike
admit avoid recall mind
miss detest appreciate recommend
get/be through get/be tired of get/be accustomed to get/be used to

Examples:
They always avoid drinking before driving.
(not: They always avoid to drink before driving.*)

I recall asking her that question.
(not: I recall to ask her that question.*)

She put off buying a new jacket.
(not: She put off to buy a new jacket.*)

Mr. Allen enjoys cooking.
(not: Mr. Allen enjoys to cook.*)

Charles keeps calling her.
(not: Charles keeps to call her.*)

Verbs that take gerunds or infinitives as verbal direct objects
start begin continue hate
prefer like love try
remember
Examples:
She has continued to work at the store.
She has continued working at the store.

They like to go to the movies.
They like going to the movies.

Brent started to walk home.
Brent started walking home.

Forget and remember
These two verbs change meaning depending on whether a gerund or infinitive is used as the object.

Examples:
Jack forgets to take out the cat. (He regularly forgets.)
Jack forgets taking out the cat. (He did it, but he doesn't remember now.)

Jack forgot to take out the cat. (He never did it.)
Jack forgot taking out the cat. (He did it, but he didn't remember sometime later.)

Jack remembers to take out the cat. (He regularly remembers.)
Jack remembers taking out the cat. (He did it, and he remembers now.)

Jack remembered to take out the cat. (He did it.)
Jack remembered taking out the cat. (He did it, and he remembered sometime later.)

In the second of each pair of example sentences above, the past progressive gerund form having taken can be used in place of taking to avoid any possible confusion.

Sense verbs that take an object plus a gerund or a simple verb
Certain sense verbs take an object followed by either a gerund or a simple verb (infinitive form minus the word to). With many of the verbs that follow the object, the use of the gerund indicates continuous action while the use of the simple verb indicates a one-time action. Still, sometimes the simple verb can indicate continuous action if one-time action wouldn't make sense in the context.

feel hear notice watch
see smell observe

Examples:
We watched him playing basketball. (continuous action)
We watched him play basketball. (continuous action)

I felt my heart pumping vigorously. (continuous action)
I felt my heart pump vigorously. (continuous action)

She saw them jumping on the bed. (continuous action)
She saw them jump on the bed. (one-time action)

Tom heard the victim shouting for help. (continuous action)
Tom heard the victim shout for help. (one-time action)

The detective noticed the suspect biting his nails. (continuous action)
The detective noticed the suspect bite his nails. (one-time action)

We could smell the pie baking in the kitchen. (continuous action)
We could smell the pie bake in the kitchen. (continuous action)

Sometimes the simple-verb version might seem unconventional, so it's safer in most cases to use the gerund version.

Let's practice gerunds, infinitives and using the bare infinitive. What's THAT???

Goto this page, read my posts and try the exercises:

http://preintduan.blogspot.com/search?q=gerunds

:)

Also, for fun have a look at my webpage, if you like, then click on animations, then click "here" ;)

Questions in class

Good luck in tomorrow's TOEIC test!

Some questions answered from today's class...

Moreover/Furthermore/Therefore/So:

Read this and this.

Here are some common subordinating conjunctions.
Here is a quiz.

Connectors quiz.

More practice.

Lots more examples.

OKAY. What else?

Passive and active voice.

What is that?

What is an example?

Quiz.

One more.

Can you show me on YouTube?

Continued.

More on conjunctions here and here.

Finally, what about sentence structure? eg subject-verb-object, etc.

Read this, then:

Practice subject-verb agreement here.

Oh, yes - the other problem was with gerunds and infintives.

Read this and this, too.

Gerund or Infinitive with/without to

Quiz1.

Quiz2.

Quiz3.

What is a bare infinitive?

Example.

Cool - good night and good luck!

Duan.

Gerunds?

Gerund definition 1

Gerund info 2

Examples

Note

From class today...

"I paused to kiss you". <-infinitive
"I paused while kissing you." <- is this a gerund noun???


Answer... no: it's actually "I paused while (I was) kissing you"... past continuous!
So, can we use paused like stopped in this sense?

Compare the example from the white board:

"I stopped to hit the table." <- infinitive
"I stopped hitting the table." <- gerund

So, the exceptions like stop are listed here:

Verbs that take only gerunds as verbal direct objects:

deny risk delay consider
can't help keep give up be fond of
finish quit put off practice
postpone tolerate suggest stop (quit)
regret enjoy keep (on) dislike
admit avoid recall mind
miss detest appreciate recommend
get/be through get/be tired of get/be accustomed to get/be used to

Month_3_review_mods_2_10_12

Today we're going to focus on modules 2,10 and 12.

Countable/noncoutable: adverbs of quantity

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Wh-questions:
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Module 10:

Gerunds: short responses
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CONJUNCTIONS
And-But-Or - from a4esl.org, LB
Conjunctions - (Crossword Puzzle) - from iteslj.org, VM
Conjunctions - Level 1 - from a4esl.org, by VM
Conjunctions - Level 2 - from a4esl.org, by VM
So or Because - from a4esl.org, LB
LINK:
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Further resources:
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